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Norman Le Brocq speech notes

Reference: L/F/42

Norman Le Brocq's speech notes on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the liberation of Jersey from the German Occupation in 1945; includes lists of people who were either present at the speech or who were commemorated by it

Reference: L/F/42/1

Date: 1995

Photocopy of an article from Magnet Magazine about the mutiny of German troops during the Occupation and the roles of Noman Le Brocq of the Jersey Communist Party and Paul Muellbach, a German soldier.

Reference: L/F/64/A/18

Date: 28 February 1973

Copy of a photograph of a group of former slave workers, friends and officials on a pilgrimage to Alderney where the former were imprisoned during the Second World War. Includes from left to right, two unknown, a Russian, Francisco Font, unknown Russian and Russian officer, Norman Le Brocq and Mlle Yvonne Petrement, French Consul in Jersey.

Reference: L/F/64/A/21

Date: 1970 - 1975

Photographs of a tour of sites of former Occupation slave workers camps. Participants; Norman Le Brocq, Stella Perkins, John Bassett, Francisco Font, Vicenté Gasulla Solé and Len Perkins.

Reference: L/F/64/B/1

Date: 1970 - 1975

Photograph of Norman Le Brocq with a visiting Soviet journalist at the Crematorium, Westmount, Jersey during a Liberation Day ceremony at the memorial to the slave workers. Date unknown.

Reference: L/F/64/B/3

Date: 1965 - 1975

Photograph taken on the anniversary of Liberation Day at the Crematorium, Westmount, Jersey, includes visiting Societ diplomats and former slave workers. Back row, right to left, John Bassett, Soviet diplomat, Reginald Young, Len Perkins, Francis Le Sueur, Norman Le Brocq, various unknown. Front row, right to left, Lorna Perkins, Sandra Perkins, Freda Perkins, Claudia Metcalfe (grandmother of previous three), Vicente Gasulla Solé, unknown child, Soviet diplomat (extreme left of picture).

Reference: L/F/64/B/7

Date: 9 May 1966

Photograph taken on the 25th anniversary of Liberation Day showing the Jersey Democratic Movement [has been identified as Jersey Trades Council] float that was part of the parade through St Helier. The float showed activities that had been punishable offences during the Occupation, listening to the BBC on the radio and producing news leaflets. Back row, left to right, Charles Blampied, Maurice Le Main. Front row, left to right, Idwal Pritchard, John King, Mrs Blampied [has been identified as Mrs Le Mains], Lorna Perkins, Norman Le Brocq, Len Perkins, Gordon Journeaux, Andrew Bower.

Reference: L/F/64/B/9

Date: 9 May 1970

Programme for production of Walter Hackett's Ambrose Applejohn's Adventure by The Georgetown Players at Glenham Hall, 17-19 February 1943. Produced by John Sterling.

Reference: L/F/240/A1/3/1

Date: 17 February 1943 - 19 February 1943

Miscellaneous collection of material relating to the German Occupation of the Channel Islands, 1940 - 1945, compiled by the journalist and author Madeline Bunting during the course of her research for a television documentary and book, includes numerous transcripts of interviews with islanders including Norman Le Brocq, a leading member of the resistance movement on Jersey, also a Jerseyman deported to Germany; transcripts of interviews with former German Soldiers posted to the Channel Islands and former German Administrators (mostly in English with some German Text); also collection of miscellaneous papers and photographs (including Russian and Ukrainian slave labourers shortly after their liberation from Alderney, and German troops on the Islands).

Reference: Misc 189/1-2 (2826)

Date: 1940 - 1945

Part one of a sound recording of a speech in which Norman Le Brocq, founder member of the Jersey Communist Party and former Deputy of the States of Jersey, Part two is continued in item R/03/C/8 Same recording as item L/D/25/L/36 Talks about his occupation experiences. Includes: personal situation at the start of the occupation; formation of early political ideals, including information about Lesley Huelin, a member of the Australian Communist Party; formation of a discussion group which later became the Jersey Democratic Movement , including Robson, South and Sterling - methodist lay preachers, Baal - father of the late States member, Venables - later became a Senator; formation and growth of the Jersey Communist Party; formation of an aid organisation to collect food and clothing for escaped Ukrainian slave workers - helped in this by Mikhail Krohin, an escapee taught English by a Mrs Metcalf, Les Perkins, a Co-op delivery man, Dr McKinstry, the Medical Officer of Health, and many others; distibuting illegal leaflets; talks about methods of obtaining supplies and identity cards; contact with Spanish Communists among the OT workers was provided by Ernest Perée, a porter at the OT hospital; after being wrongfully sacked from the fuel control section after an information leak, Norman le Brocq worked for lending libraries collecting unreturned books, then at George Hutt's bookshop in Broad Street for the rest of the war; made contact with Paul Mulbach/Muelbach, a German soldier who was part of a soldier's committee working toward a mutiny against the garrison [part of, or inspired by, the Free Germany movement] and agreed to help him produce leaflets for this purpose; they met once a week at Burger's bookshop at the Parade - Paul Casamere was the assistant there; in early 1945 Mulbach decided to desert - a cottage was set up at Longueville for him to live in with a cover story and false identity, helped by Basil Huelin, Lesley's brother; the mutiny against the garrison was planned for Mayday, but was beaten to it by the Liberation. The speech is followed by questions from the audience regarding: the fate of Paul Mulbach after the war; other groups and individuals involved in similar activities during the war; Holmes, an enigmatic man who ran a stamp shop and distributed the BBC news to customers, but was also suspected as a Nazi sympathizer and collaborator; Polish, Italian and Soviet troops in the island; prisoners of war in the OT and Lager Immelmann, the OT camp at the bottom of Jubilee Hill. Recorded on 30/09/1990. Good sound quality. Duration 86 minutes.

Reference: R/03/C/7

Date: 30 September 1990

Same recording as item L/D/25/L/36 Part two of item R/03/C/7, a sound recording of a speech in which Norman Le Brocq, founder member of the Jersey Communist Party and former Deputy of the States of Jersey, talks about his occupation experiences. Continuation of audience questions following the speech, including: a polish slave worker called Mariam/Maryam Polski? who Norman le Brocq was acquainted with; still in touch with some former slave workers, including Feodor Burryi and Mikhail Krohin; repatriation of slave workers after the liberation; was never arrested by the Germans - most people arrested were caught due to carelessness; gives the case of Louisa Gould as an example of this - she was informed on for hiding Feodor Burryi; Billy Mace, a member of the Feldgendarmerie used to warn people in advance if they were due to be searched - he warned Louisa Gould that her house would be searched, and Feodor Burryi was moved, but she had kept some papers on which he had practiced english as a keepsake - this was enough evidence to convict her for hiding an escaped prisoner; her brother, Harold Le Druillenec is also mentioned; according to Norman Le Brocq, the Nazis were not very efficient - caught more people through informers than detective work; once someone was convicted of an offence it was often accidental where they ended up; also mentioned is Alison Griffiths, a student who did many interviews with Norman le Brocq on his occupation experiences for her thesis, and the possibility of this being published. Recorded on 30/09/1990. Good sound quality.

Reference: R/03/C/8

Date: 30 September 1990

'An Everyday Occupation' - Members of Age Concern Jersey recall personal memories of eveyday life during the German Occupation 1940 - 1945. Produced and narrated by Geraldine des Forges in conjunction with BBC Radio Jersey. For names of those who contributed, see item description. The recording provides a good summing up of people's experiences from the beginning of the occupation to the liberation. Side A includes: Jersey's situation at the beginning of the war; fears about the possibility of occupation - felt as if the islands had been deserted by the British; decision to stay with family or evacuate and be separated; air raids; arrival of Germans, fear that it caused; many recollections of food shortages, substitutes, cooking, and the black market; bicycles main mode of transport; memories of building and listening to hidden crystal radio sets and distributing news; people sheltered escaped slave workers; arrival of the slave workers and Organisation Todt guards; recollections of the emotional effects of seeing the slave workers and the appaling way in which they were treated; resistance, collaboration and women who formed relationships with German soldiers; prison overcrowding; the field police; escapes; story of being arrested by the Gestapo. Side B includes: story about breaking into communications bunker at Pont Marquet; getting into trouble for criticising 'Jerry-Bags'; informers; escapees left from beach at Fauvic; entertainment; concerts and plays put on; recollections of health problems, malnutrition and medical practitioners; memories of being deported and watching the deportations; hearing news of D-Day landings in France; story of an Algerian worker who brought bread to a local family; some German soldiers were planning a mutiny and distributed leaflets; acts of sabotage such as the blowing up of the Palace Hotel; arrival of Red Cross ship 'Vega' and unwrapping the Red Cross parcels; listening to Churchill's speech in the Royal Square and its impact; the liberation; story of a nun who was suspected of being a German soldier in disguise; arrival of the British troops and outpourings of emotion; collaborators and 'Jerry-Bags' were victimized; more memories of liberation day. Duration approx. 90 minutes.

Reference: R/03/J/3

Date: 1940 - 1945

Original cassette recording - see item description.

Reference: R/03/J/3/1

Date: 1940 - 1945

Occupation-BBC Radio Jersey tape. The story of the occupation of Jersey during World War 2 told by the people who lived through it produced by Beth Lloyd. 1) Part 13: The Todt Organisation and their Russian Slave Labourers. Eye witnesses talking about the background of the Organisation Todt, the arrival of the Russians on the island, the condition they were in, the brutality of their overseers, begging and stealing food, concentration camps, the Jersey Communist Party and other people giving shelter, food, clothes, false papers and english lessons with Mrs Metcalfe to escaped prisoners, the story of Louisa Gould, Harold Le Druillenec and Feodor Burrij and the experience of other residents who harboured escapees. 2) Part 14: Entertainment. Eye witnesses talking about the difficulties of the first show during the occupation put on by the Jersey Amateur Dramatics Club, cinemas and the films that were shown, variety entertainment at the Opera House, West's Cinema and out in the parishes, finding musicians, public dances, the Amateur Variety Band, the Green Room Club productions including pantomimes, easter productions and shows, improvisations with costumes and scenery and censorship of the shows. 3) Part 15: We Are At War. Eye witness accounts of feelings of isolation, seeing and hearing British and German aeroplanes, feeling and seeing bombing raids on the coast of France, leaflet raids, members of the royal air force being taken as prisoners of war, commando raid on Egypt, sabotage, the v sign campaign, resistance and reprisals, youth groups against the Germans, the British Patriots group and Norman Le Brocq and Leslie Huelin working with the Free Germany Movement represented by Paul Muelbach calling for a mutiny in the garrison. 4) Occupation Part 16: Escapes produced by Beth Lloyd made up of interviews of local people who were in Jersey during the Occupation. Subjects discussed include the escape of Denis Vibert to England in September 1941, tales of different escapes to France by islanders recounted by Eddie Le Corre, Basil Le Brun, Peter Crill, John Floyd, Roy Mourant and their subsequent experiences of interrogations by the Home Forces and arrival in England. 5) Part 17: D-Day and the Last Terrible Year. Eye witnesses talking about the realisation that D-Day was taking place, aeroplanes going over the island, lack of fuel and food supplies, health in island worsening, Red Cross parcels, the arrival and unloading of the SS Vega, starvation of German soldiers and waiting for liberation. 6) Part 18: Liberation. Eye witnesses including the bailiff talking about the change in the high command of the german administration and listening to Winston Churchill's speech, release of political prisoners, celebrations, surrender of Germans and arrival of royal navy officers.

Reference: R/06/4

Personal View of the Reg Jeune, recorded a week after his retirement from the States of Jersey after 35 years, interviewed by Hamish Marett-Crosby. He had good parents although they were not wealthy. It was a strict methodist upbringing-the only liqueur in the house was for the christmas pudding or for medicine. Remembers that he wanted to go and swim on a Sunday and he was forbidden to do that. He went to a Dame School in Vauxhall run by Miss Le Sauteur-she was a great disciplinarian but she was a good teacher. Miss Le Sauteur used a ruler on your knuckles-years later he became her lawyer and when he visited her she told him that she was terrified by the visit of her lawyer and he replied that the roles were reversed from years ago. He started as a solicitor's clerk-his parents couldn't afford further education after he left De La Salle College at 15½. The intention was for him to go into Lloyds Bank like many of his contemporaries but he went into the offices of Crill and Benest and after the occupation he moved to Oliver Mourant's office. First Record-Guide Me O Thou Great Jehovah. He went to De La Salle, a Catholic school, despite being a strict metodist and he married into an anglican family and he is proud that he is now Vice Chairman of the Governing Body. He is a lay brother of the De La Salle Order-he believes in the ecumenical movement and hopes the churches continue to get closer together. He met his wife Monica at the Food Office. Her father farmed at Rozel and he used to ride up there from town. They were engaged in 1943-she worked as secretary to the Medical Officer of Health and he wrote a presciption for some alcohol for the to celebrate. He started to get involved in a society called Toc H which encouraged public service. They moved to Bagot and he got involved in Georgetown Methodist Church becoming the superintendent of the sunday school and after the war he became chairman of the Jersey Youth Movement. At that stage people were rebuilding and weren't thinking about helping individuals. Harold Stephens and he started to visit the prison to entertain the prisoners. He became a lawyer without qualifications but he learned a great deal through experience. On the 1st January 1947 Mourant, du Feu and Jeune was set up with 39 articles of partnership. He stood in No 2 District unsuccessfully in the late 1950s but he lost. Second Record-Jacqueline du Pré playing Elgar's Cello Concerto. He stood in a by-election in St Helier District No 3 after much persuasion. His main opponent was Norman Le Brocq and he won comfortably and stayed as deputy in No 3 District for 10 years. He was stirred to stand because of the bad housing situation in St Helier. He thought the priorities were in the wrong place like spending money on the tunnel-he brought down two committees at the time. He took on the Presidency of Public Works and decided that the traffic meant that the tunnel was needed. Third Record-The Beatles with It's been a Hard Days Night. In the 1960s he was involved in the baking world and became chairman of the Royal Trust Company of Canada and TSB and the Jersey Savings Bank as it was known then. He finds life fascinating and like to be involved in things. He will carry on working rather than retire. He pushed for an ombudsman when he came into the States because there wasn't an appeal process-eventually a process was brought in. He thinks that the panel should now be made up from people who aren't in the States and it has been approved that he be the first chairman of the body now he has left the States. He once stood for constable of St Saviour when he was deputy of St Helier but Gordon Le Breton, a centenier, won the seat. He enjoyed working on the Education Committee for 15 years and he helped bring in Highlands College, the 14 plus transfer, Le Rocquier School was built and Grainville was bought. Highlands College has pushed on further education. He was worried that Hautlieu was going to be changed from a 14 plus transfer system and still believes in the system. At the start of his presidential career in the States he saw the end of the big politicians from 1948. He has remained a methodist lay preacher-at the beginning of the war he was singing in the choir of the methodist church. Fourth Record-Hallelujah Chorus. Believes in the importance of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association-he went on his first conference to Canada in 1966. It is one of the few organisations in the world where everybody is equal-he was asked to join the finance committee in London and subsequently they elected him to be the International Treasurer. When he gave up being Treasurer he was one of the Trustees of their investment funds. The value for Jersey going to the conferences are the contacts made, the States members getting a wider perspective of life. He learned that the same kind of problems exist in other jurisdictions. People visit the island in association with the CPA. Wilfred Krichefski and Clarry Dupré were the only people prior to himself who were President of the CPA. Fifth Record-Music of the Night from Phantom of the Opera. Doesn't know what Jersey would have been like if the finance industry hadn't come to the island-in 1962 his first budget was £6 million income and £5 million expenditure-a tight hold were kept on finances. The budgets took time to debate and balance. He is happy with the creation of the Policy and Resources Committee. He implemented the idea of zero job growth in order to lower immigration. Has tried to persuade the States committees to think corporately but hasn't been entirely successful. Fifth Record-St Michael's Choir with 'What a Wonderful World'.

Reference: R/07/B/24

Date: 1997

BBC Radio Jersey-Occupation Tapes. Told by the people who lived through it produced by Beth Lloyd. Part 15: We Are At War. Eye witness accounts of feelings of isolation, seeing and hearing British and German aeroplanes, feeling and seeing bombing raids on the coast of France, leaflet raids, members of the royal air force being taken as prisoners of war, commando raid on Egypt, sabotage, the v sign campaign, resistance and reprisals, youth groups against the Germans, the British Patriots group and Norman Le Brocq and Leslie Huelin working with the Free Germany Movement represented by Paul Muelbach calling for a mutiny in the garrison. See R/06/4.

Reference: R/07/F1/15

Date: 22 July 1990

Norman le Brocq

Reference: SJA/0000/03617

Object name: Painting

Artist: Le Cornu, Mr M

Date: 1977

JEP Newscutting - Disbandment of Jersey Democratic Movement. - 13.07.1995

Reference: US/185

Date: 1995

JEP Newscutting: article about the Jubilee Decades, focusing on 1970s - 26/04/2012

Reference: US/978

Date: 2012

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